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Health is the level of functional and (or) metabolic efficiency of a
living being. In humans, it is the general condition of a person in
mind, body and spirit, usually meaning to being free from illness,
injury or pain (as in “good health” or “healthy”). The World Health
Organization (WHO) defined health in its broader sense in 1946 as "a
state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity." Although this
definition has been subject to controversy, in particular as having
a lack of operational value and the problem created by use of the
word "complete", it remains the most enduring. Classification
systems such as the WHO Family of International Classifications,
which is composed of the International Classification of
Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) and the International
Classification of Diseases (ICD), are commonly used to define and
measure the components of health.
The maintenance and promotion of health is achieved through
different combination of physical, mental, and social well-being,
together sometimes referred to as the “health triangle”. The WHO's
1986 Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion furthered that health is
not just a state, but also "a resource for everyday life, not the
objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasizing social
and personal resources, as well as physical capacities."
